2 D Arrays
·
Array
is set of similar data types, which can be referred by common name.
·
Array
is called subscripted variable because array uses the subscript i.e. []
·
The
array is called as indexed variable because the array elements can be accessed
by using index number.
·
Array
are divided into following types
1) One dimensional array (or single –
subscripted array)
2) Two-dimensional array (or double –
subscripted array)
3) Multi-dimensional array (or multi –
subscripted array)
Two dimension
(2-D) array:
Array declaration
Syntax:
Datatype variable_name [Row size] [Column size];
Or
Datatype array_name [Row size]
[Column size];
Here,
Data type – type of element that is to store in array
[]-
known as subscript
Row Size- is maximum possible rows that can be store in array.
column Size- is maximum possible columns that can be store in array.
Example:
int a[5][3]; - here, int is datatype ,a is array name/ variable name
and Row size is 5 Column size is 3.
Array
initialization:
Datatype
array_name [Row size] [Column size] = {value separated by comma};
The
array can be initialized as follows,
int
a[4][2] ={ {11,22},
{33,44},
{55,66},
{77,88} };
Or
int
a[4] [2] = {11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88};
In all above examples, the 11 is stored in a[0][0], 22 is stored in a[0][1], 33 is stored in a[1][0] and so on…
·
The
array variable can be initialized only at the time of declaration.
Memory
representation of array:
Array is stored in memory in row
order and in continuous memory location.
Example,
int a[4][2] ={ {11,22},
{33,44},
{55,66},
{77,88} };
Or
int
a[4] [2] = {11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88};
|
Row / Column |
Column no.0 |
Column no.1 |
|
Row no.0 |
11 |
22 |
|
Row no.1 |
33 |
44 |
|
Row no.2 |
55 |
66 |
|
Row no.3 |
77 |
88 |
|
a[0][0] |
a[0][1] |
a[1][0] |
a[1][1] |
|
11 |
22 |
33 |
44 |
|
1000 |
1002 |
1004 |
1006 |
Program: Write a program to find sum of two
Matrix.
/* Program to find sum of two Matrix
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int i,j,mat1[3][3],mat2[3][3],sum[3][3];
clrscr();
printf("\n\nPrint 9 element for first matrix mat1 = ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&mat1[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Print 9 element for first matrix mat2 = ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&mat2[i][j]);
}
}
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
sum[i][j]=mat1[i][j]+mat2[i][j];
}
}
printf("\nSum of 3 x 3 Matrix =\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{ printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",sum[i][j]);
}
}
getch();
}
Output:
Program: Write a program perform transpose (transpose
means interchange row in to column and column in to row) matrix.
/* Program to perform transpose (transpose means interchange row in to column and column in to row) matrix */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int i,j,mat[3][3];
clrscr();
printf("\n\nPrint 9 element for matrix = ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&mat[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\nPrint Matrix\n ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",mat[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\n\n
Transpose Matrix(interchange row in to column and column in to row)\n ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{ printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",mat[j][i]);
}
}
getch();
}
Output:
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